This is the version of the explanation I wish somebody had given me, written down before I forget what confused me. It is about oral semaglutide, and it is deliberately narrow — everything I am not confident about is marked as such.
What is actually established
Orforglipron is the more interesting oral story because it is not a peptide at all. Being a small molecule it does not need SNAC, does not need the fasting window, and has oral bioavailability in the tens of percent rather than about one.
The condition it depends on
Worth adding that the tablet is taken daily, so a missed dose costs far less than a missed weekly injection. That is a genuine advantage nobody lists.
The practical version
The practical numbers: about 1% oral bioavailability, 30 minutes fasted before food, no more than 120ml of plain water, and coffee counts as food for this purpose.
What I am not sure about
What I am after is how much of the oral variability is the SNAC absorption window and how much is dose, because the two get conflated constantly. Numbers rather than impressions, if you have them.
— RegAffairsDC · corrections welcome and will be edited into this post with credit