Writing this once so I can stop repeating it across threads. It is about fatigue, and it is deliberately narrow — everything I am not confident about is marked as such.
What is actually established
Mostly the deficit, and the useful part of that answer is that it is testable. Fatigue driven by a deficit tracks intake, improves within a day or two of eating properly, and worsens on the days you eat least. Fatigue that is flat regardless of intake, or that arrives on a fixed day after dosing, is behaving like a drug effect. Before assuming either, rule out the boring causes — iron, B12, thyroid, and sleep — because a fast deficit unmasks deficiencies that were previously subclinical.
The condition it depends on
The commonest reversible cause in practice is inadequate protein plus inadequate sodium, not iron. People restrict salt at the same time as calories without noticing.
The practical version
Worth checking before concluding it is the drug: ferritin, B12, TSH, and total intake for three honest days. Two of those four explain most cases.
What I am not sure about
So the question, as narrowly as I can put it: whether the fatigue is a direct drug effect or simply the caloric deficit, because the answer changes what you do about it. If the honest answer is that nobody knows, that is a useful answer and I would rather have it.
— hank_denver · corrections welcome and will be edited into this post with credit