Putting this up for argument rather than for agreement. I have read it twice and I am still not certain what it supports.
Oral semaglutide is absorbed in the stomach with the help of SNAC, which locally raises pH and protects the peptide long enough to cross. That mechanism is fragile: bioavailability is roughly 1% and highly sensitive to gastric contents, so a mouthful of coffee genuinely changes the exposure. This is why the label wants 30 minutes and no more than half a glass of plain water.
Where I think it is weakest: the follow-up is short relative to how long people actually take these drugs, so durability is an assumption here rather than a finding.
What I am trying to establish is how much of the oral variability is the SNAC absorption window and how much is dose, because the two get conflated constantly. If the honest answer is that nobody knows, that is a useful answer and I would rather have it.
Note on sourcing:
Figures above are from the primary publication rather than the press summary. If a number here disagrees with one you have, post yours and we will work out which of us is reading a secondary source.